TBC with High Temperature Phase Stability for Low Emission-High Efficiency Gas Turbine Engines

Exhaust emissions from civil subsonic aircraft are the most significant source of pollution in the higher troposphere and lower stratosphere. However, reducing NOx emissions is at odds with turbine engine efficiency and performance: increasing thermal efficiency by boosting the pressure ratio in an engine by 30% leads to a 5% decrease in fuel consumption, but a 100% increase in NOx emissions. Accordingly, the aerospace industry is seekingmethods to reduce NOx and CO2 emissions while maintaining or improving current turbine engine efficiency and power.This proposal furthers the development of Thermatin, a novel germanate-based thermal barrier coating (TBC) top-coat material with phase stability to 1800C+. Thermatin’s high temperature phase stability enables a potential 200C+ increase in allowable TBC surface temperatures in aircraft and industrial turbine engines over today’s standard. This increase would directly support lower energy requirements for active cooling in lean-burn engines, reduced NOx and CO2 emissions, and improved overall engine efficiency.Germanate-based TBCs have previously been demonstrated tomeettarget parameters established by the turbine engine industry for use in next-generation high efficiency/low-emission turbine engines, including high temperature phase stability, low intrinsic thermal conductivity, low densityand high coefficient of linear thermal expansion. The proposed effort aims to demonstrate high temperature phase stability in thin coating form and optimization for resistance to CMAS attack. Our research efforts will be directed toward meeting performance requirements in the followingareas: 1. establishing deposition parameters thatproduce phase stable Thermatin coatings with standard morphology using electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD), 2. demonstratinghigh temperature phase stability in thin-coating form, and 3) demonstratinghigh temperature structural stability when exposed to CMAS contaminants.