Recuperator for SWaP-C Sensitive Cryocooler Applications

Superconducting radio-frequency receivers, optical absorption energy sensors, and quantum computers have the potential to revolutionize digital communications for manned aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles, (UAVs) and satellites. Development of low size, weight, power, and cost (SWaP-C) cryocooler technology is essential since these communication systems must operate at cryogenic temperatures. Turbo-Brayton cryocoolers, which have high performance at low temperatures, are attractive for providing low-temperature cooling in these applications. For these cryocoolers, high-performance recuperators are needed to transfer heat between the high- and low-pressure gas streams to reduce the required cryocooler input power and provide cooling at the low operating temperatures of the communication device components. The SWaP-C of the cryocooler is highly dependent on the recuperator characteristics. We propose to develop a compact, lightweight, and low-cost recuperator focusing on the temperature range between 4 K and 25 K. In Phase I, we sized the recuperator core components through thermal performance analysis, performed fabrication trials for key features and processes, and assessed manufacturing costs. In Phase II, we propose to advance the low SWaP-C recuperator fabrication approach, and demonstrate system-level technology by integrating the cryocooler with the superconducting RF electronics and performing integrated system testing.