Investigating the Use of OPIR Data in Support of Cloud Retrieval Applications

The program objective is to develop data-processing methods and algorithms to produce novel environmental intelligence data products from the shortwave (SWIR) and midwave infrared (MWIR) radiances measured by the OPIR constellation of satellites. SWIR and MWIR radiances are sensitive to cloud properties, and in our Phase I effort we demonstrated the feasibility of deriving cloud products from the OPIR observations. The OPIR systems could provide cloud detection and characteristics in near-real time including severe weather detection and monitoring. These observations would augment other weather observations. In Phase-II, we will develop cloud retrieval algorithms applicable to observations in the OPIR spectral range. Our radiative transfer modeling effort will be expanded from Phase I to accommodate the increased variability of atmospheric and surface properties encountered in an operational dataset. Using simulated retrievals, recommendations will be provided on how future OPIR systems could be altered to improve their cloud observational capabilities. Algorithms will be implemented for use with realtime streaming OPIR data, and tested using operational data with varied sensor configurations to refine collection and OPSCON requirements. Results will be validated using co-located, cloud products from other satellites.