Ultra-Compact Accelerator for 57Co Radioactive Isotope Source Replacement

Enrichment plants represent one of the most sensitive parts of the nuclear fuel cycle, yet safeguards at enrichment plants remain a challenge for DOE and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). One of the key instruments for safeguards at enrichment plants – the Cascade Header Enrichment Monitor – is being redesigned to reduce its weight, dimensions and installation time. However, the remaining problem with this instrument is that it uses a 57Co radioisotope source to produce X-rays. This source should be replaced with an alternative technology, due to the risk of accidents and diversion by terrorists for use in Radiological Dispersal Devices. Technical Approach This project will develop an ultra-compact portable micro-linac capable of producing X-rays with energy just above the Uranium K-edge of 122 keV and with dose rate equivalent to ~40 mCi of 57Co source. In order to make the linac compact and keep its cost low, it will be powered by an inexpensive, very small high-frequency RF power source. In addition, an innovative approach to fabricate the linac to avoid labor-intensive tuning steps will be developed. Phase I Plans In Phase I, we will do full electromagnetic and conceptual machining design, aiming to perform manufacturing study, in which several prototype parts of the linac will be micro-machined using different technologies, in order to determine cost and accuracy. Cold-test RF measurements will be performed on the prototype pieces to verify the design and determine the accuracy of machining. Commercial Applications and Other Benefits The goal of his project is to build an ultra-compact portable radioactive material-free source of X-rays that will be used by International Safeguards as well as for security and medical applications. The source would find application in non-destructive testing, active interrogation, self-contained irradiators, and other places where radioisotopes are currently used. Key Words: Micro-linac, Cobalt-57, safeguards, uranium enrichment, Ku-band, split linac, X-rays