Development of Genetics-based Selective Breeding Protocols for Improvement of the Mediterranean Mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, and Advancement of Aquaculture

The problem this proposal seeks to remedy has positive and profound ramifications for the advancement of aquaculture. The aquaculture industry lags in genetically based selective breeding programs when compared to terrestrial commercial crops. This perpetuates our nation’s $11 billion dollar seafood deficit, puts U.S. aquaculture entrepreneurs at a disadvantage for success, and increases risk for bivalve crop degradation from climate change. Heterosis in bivalve crops have been documented in scientific literature, but studies remain scant and rarely address the genetic components of selection from breeding. To address this gap, a novel family line system will be developed within the emerging model organism Mytilus galloprovincialis, which will be used to generate the framework for a genetics based selective breeding protocol. Within this framework, there are three goals for Phase I: 1) to establish genetically distinct family lines of blue mussels, focusing on desirable commercial characteristics, 2) investigate genetics of viability and selection, and 3) determine mutation rates and their impact on domesticates shellfish cultivars. These data will then be used (in Phases II/III) to develop genetic based selective breeding protocols. This research will provide immediate benefits to the U.S. economy, and have a long term global impact on a sustainable protein production from the sea.