Novel Signal Processing for Airborne Passive Synthetic Aperture Radar

ABSTRACT: Systems & Technology Research together with our teammates, Wright State University and Prof. Robert Nowak of University of Wisconsin proposes to develop novel signal processing algorithms for airborne passive Synthetic Aperture Radar. The key technical challenges are in constructing good images using narrowband sources with gaps in spectral support, fusing returns from multiple sources, and accounting for geometry dependent scattering. Our team will develop multiple illuminator image fusion algorithms and a simulation environment for algorithm evaluations. We will research and evaluate three source fusion algorithms: 1) a multi-source coherent extension of our monostatic algorithm for overcoming spectral gaps, 2) a cutting edge hierarchical compressed sensing technique, 3) a non-coherent fusion that utilizes the generalized approximate message passing algorithm to find a sparse amplitude image. We will also develop appropriate image quality metrics and characterize the algorithms in the context of driving ATR algorithms. We will work with the sponsor to help scope and develop a plan for Phase 2. BENEFIT: If the proposed development is successful, we will have developed high resolution airborne passive SAR imaging algorithms. These algorithms are expected to enable reduced SWAP airborne passive radar systems and, ultimately, to enhance platform survivability in A2/AD environments by operating passively.