SBIR Phase I: Developing an Adaptive Compact Fuel Reformer with an Ultra-Fine Homogenous Atomizer

This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I Project will investigate the merits and feasibility of an Adaptive Compact Fuel Reformer (ACFR) using an Ultra-Fine Homogeneous Atomizer based on an autothermal process. Diesel reformer is the key to provide syngas (H2+CO) for fuel cell auxiliary power unit (APU) which can significantly reduce engine idling fuel cost. Hydrogen rich syngas with EGR is effective for simultaneously reducing engine NOx and PM emissions. However, most diesel reformers face challenges of auto-ignition control, coking and fuel slip, size and weight reduction, and durability issues, etc. The key innovation of the adaptive compact fuel reformer is an ultra-fine atomizer, which has an innovative micro-circular orifice coupling ultra-thin layer of fuel spray, steam and air flow simultaneously. The atomizer can produce very small fuel droplets (~10 micron) and homogenous mixture, which can be quickly vaporized and converted into syngas in a small space without auto-ignition, coking and slip. The Phase I work will complete the key design work for the fuel reformer and conduct lab bench scale testing for key components. The broader/commercial impacts of this research are significant potential benefits for US energy security and environment protection. The potential customers include engine OEMs and auto makers. The industry-university collaborated research will help graduate students carry on fundamental research while providing deeper understanding of diesel fuel reformation for commercial applications.