Novel Methods for Rapid Detection of Infection Agents and the Severity of Cellular Damage

The development of early detection methods to aid in the identification of virulent infectious pathogens is of strategic importance so that exposed warfighters and other individuals can be treated early or appropriately quarantined. We are currently developing a nucleic acid-based assay that can selectively and sensitively detect and quantify the RNA or DNA specific to a broad range of pathogens in the blood of infected individuals. In addition, the assay might also be useful for detection of radiation exposure and for following the severity of tissue damage during an infection. The assay has the following advantages: 1) it is comparable to real-time PCR in terms of sensitivity and accuracy in dsDNA and superior for RNA pathogens; 2) it has a standard curve for precise quantification, which is better than cycle number used in real-time PCR; 3) it can be expanded to multiplex bead systems for simultaneous detection of a large number of pathogens; 4) it does not have the complexity of real-time PCR methodology that requires training and experience; and 5) the result is read-out by chemiluminescent substrate using a portable and durable luminometer, which can be handheld and low cost.