Rapid Multianalyte Yocomolar Biosensor Platform

The goal of this project is to develop a platform biosensor technology for rapid, multianalyte detection of proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, and other molecules of interest with sensitivity at the level of single molecule detection. We propose to build a hand-held, robust apparatus, similar to a palm computer, equipped with a sensor cartridge designed for simultaneous detection of multiple analytes. Inexpensive, disposable sensor cartridge will have an array of receptor molecules and set of reagents for a one-step detection process. In contrast to currently available technologies that employ antibodies and require multiple stages of reagent injection and washing, the envisioned biosensor system is based on a one-stage process that allows detection of molecular signatures in a matter of seconds or a few minutes. For many existing technologies, rate of response is slow, which makes them useless for such biodefense applications and clinical analyses that need results in several minutes or less. This SBIR project builds upon the experience of the investigators at BioElectroSpec in developing total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) biosensor systems. We have built and currently are testing a prototype of a bench-top, analytical grade, versatile TIRF biosensor instrument, which has sensitivity at the level of single molecule detection. In the proposed project we will use our previous experience to develop a miniaturized, hand-held multianalyte biosensor that will be capable of detecting single target molecules in a matter of several seconds or a few minutes. The proposed technology has the potential to revolutionize many areas that are related to life sciences, including the biodefense potential of the Department of Homeland Security. In Phase I we plan to prove the concept at the single-pixel level and demonstrate feasibility of the envisioned multianalyte sensor. In Phase II, we plan to partner with academic and industrial research groups to build a prototype of the hand-held biosensor for rapid, simultaneous detection of multiple bioanalytes in liquid and gaseous samples. The envisioned sensor will be capable to determine molecular signatures in such biological fluids as saliva, blood and other body fluids and can find a broad application for biodefense and biomedical analyses.