Versatile and Extensible, Continuous-Thrust Trajectory Optimization Tool

We propose to develop an innovative, versatile and extensible, continuous-thrust trajectory optimization tool for planetary mission design and optimization of continuous-thrust spacecraft missions. A working title for this new tool is ?Apache.? Apache will be a platform-independent and user-friendly tool that eliminates piecewise optimization. A key to Apache?s versatility and extensibility is the use of object-oriented Java language. Specific innovations and features include: * Operates in complex gravity models, * Automatically and seamlessly handles multi-body transitions, * Supports solar and nuclear electric, electrodynamic tether, solar sail and hybrid propulsion options, * Includes non-gravitational force models such as solar pressure or atmospheric drag, * Models solar occultation periods appropriately and automatically, * Calculates radiation dosage from trapped radiation belts, * Optimizes static and dynamic variables using a gradient-based algorithm to size spacecraft systems, and to select flight times and thrust-steering profiles, * Uses analytical solutions to generate a good initial guess for the optimization method, and * Written in Java to facilitate the development of an extensible architecture and promote platform independence. Apache responds directly to the subtopic call for ?continuous-thrust mission design consisting of a synthesis of trajectory, vehicle, and operations considerations,? which enables analysis capability to lead technology development.