SAF-compatible Hybrid-Electric Propulsion for a Fixed-Wing Aircraft

The proposed innovation in Phase II focuses on advancing the SAF-compatible hybrid-electric propulsion system for fixed-wing aircraft, aiming to validate in-flight battery energy closure, enhance aerodynamic efficiency, and demonstrate autonomous operations through Simplified Vehicle Operations (SVO). Building upon the foundational work in Phase I, Phase II will pursue large-scale Multi-Disciplinary Design Analysis and Optimization (MDAO), uncertainty quantification, and subscale flight testing to optimize and validate the hybrid-electric propulsion system and its operational capabilities. Phase II will leverage Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and use CFD results to enhance the aero-propulsive performance models (APPMs) within the Parametric Energy-based Aircraft Configuration Evaluator (PEACE) framework. The PEACE framework will be used for genetic algorithms MDAO to evaluate the RN001 configuration and an alternative pusher propeller configuration, in both cases optimizing the hybrid-electric propulsion system for maximum efficiency and reduced emissions. Additionally, a hybrid-electric test bench will be developed to allow real-world validation of propulsion control laws and energy management strategies. Finally, subscale flight testing with both all-electric and hybrid-electric propulsion architectures will demonstrate and validate performance gains and operational efficiency, setting the stage for larger-scale implementation and FAA certification pathways. Targeting regional air cargo operators, the system enables fuel savings, maintenance cost reductions, and SAF compatibility, addressing industry challenges while reducing infrastructure dependence. By validating an efficient and scalable hybrid-electric propulsion system, Phase II research lays the groundwork for post Phase II commercialization, unlocking new capabilities for cargo, passenger, and defense aviation.