IDENTIFICATION OF GONOCOCCUS BY SPECIFIC ANTIBODY

THE DIRECT IDENTIFICATION OF NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE IN CLINICAL SPECIMENS (URETHRAL AND VAGINAL EXUDATES) IS NECESSARY FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF GONORRHEA, A WIDESPREAD SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE. THIS PROCEDURE USUALLY INVOLVES A TIME CONSUMING CULTURING STEP, IN ORDER TO DIFFERENTIATE GONOCOCCAL ORGANISMS FROM OTHERS NORMALLY PRESENT IN THESE SPECIMENS. A POSITIVE IDENTIFICATION BY IMMUNOLOGICAL REAGENTS WOULD GREATLY AID IN THIS IDENTIFICATION AND ALSO, IF SENSITIVE AND SPECIFIC, COULD POSSIBLY ELIMINATE THE NEED AND EXPENSE OF PRIOR CULTURING. UNFORTUNATELY, PREVIOUS ATTEMPTS AT DEVELOPING ANTISERA SPECIFIC FOR GONOCOCCI HAVE NOT BEEN SUCCESSFUL IN IDENTIFYING THESE ORGANISMS BECAUSE THEY ARE ANTIGENICALLY VERY HETEROGENEOUS, WITH MANY SEROVARS. ANTISERA MADE AGAINST A PARTICULAR STRAIN OF GONOCOCCI OFTEN FAIL TO REACT WITH OTHER, EQUALLY PATHOGENIC STRAINS. INSTEAD, SUCH ANTISERA ARE MORE USUALLY STRAIN-SPECIFIC. RECENT STUDIES ON THE ANTIGENIC COMPONENTS OF GONOCOCCI INDICATE THAT CERTAIN PROTEIN COMPONENTS MAY BE ABLE TO GENERATE A MORE "UNIVERSAL" ANTI PATHOGENIC GONOCOCCAL ANTISERUM. AMONG THESE COMPONENTS IS THE PROTEIN PILIN ASSOCIATED WITH THE PILI OF THESE MICROBES. THE AMINO ACID SEQUENCE OF THIS PROTEIN HAS RECENTLY BECOME AVAILABLE. BY USING SYNTHETIC PEPTIDES BASED ON THIS SEQUENCE IT MAY BE POSSIBLE TO DEVELOP ANTISERA DIRECTED AGAINST STRUCTURES COMMON TO OTHER STRAINS OF GONOCOCCAL PILI, THEREBY GENERATING A USEFUL IMMUNODIAGNOSTIC REAGENT.