Use of Plant Essential Oils as Natural Postharvest Fungicides

The control of postharvest decay of fruit and vegetable is achieved with sound cultural practices, fungicide applications, and controlled temperature and storage environments. While cultural practices present an integrated approach, it may not be enough under certain climatic conditions. Synthetic fungicides have long-term limitation with the appearance of resistant pathogens. Other methods such as controlled atmosphere storage may not be economically feasible for some commodities. Numerous research reports are published on the fungicidal and bactericidal activity of plant essential oils. However, there is no commercial application for their use on fruit and vegetables. On the other hand, there is an increasing demand by the public for all-natural foods. Premier Botanicals Ltd. proposes to develop plants producing essential oils which can be used to control postharvest decay on selected vegetables. Phase I will screen and select essential oils for their fungicidal activity. Methods of essential oil application (headspace, or incorporated into an edible coating) will be investigated. Consumer acceptability of such treated vegetables will be addressed by sensory testing. The long-term project will include a breeding program to create and select plants producing the desired oil components. Oils will be selected for their biocidal properties and sensory qualities.