Multiport high-pressure synchrotron x-ray microscopy cell

Multi-mode high-magnification synchrotron X-ray techniques, such as scanning transmission X- ray microscopy (STXM), combined with electron microscopy offer unparalleled insights into material structures and chemical properties at atomic resolution. These capabilities are critical for advancing industrial and energy processes. However, current tools for these techniques lack the ability to replicate real-world conditions, such as pressures above atmospheric levels, which are common in industrial and natural processes. Addressing this gap, the Department of Energy has solicited the development of advanced sample holders and fluid membrane designs that enable in-situ mixing of multiple gases at pressures up to 100 bar. This represents a significant advancement over existing solutions, which are limited to pressures of 1–2 bar and cannot handle complex gas mixtures. Hummingbird Scientific has previously in this project designed, prototyped, and successfully tested a multi-modal high-pressure fluid cell capable of imaging mixed reagents in X-ray microscopes (XRM), transmission electron microscopes (TEM), and scanning electron microscopes (SEM) at pressures >90 bar and elevated temperatures. Testing across multiple platforms has demonstrated the system’s robust characterization capabilities. Additionally, iterative prototype development has proven the feasibility of scaling this product at competitive costs aligned with industry standards. In this Phase IIB effort, we will incorporate essential updates to meet the evolving standards of in-situ microscopy. Specifically, we aim to integrate gas species quantification capabilities and establish synchronized data collection across all experimental components, including the microscope, applied stimuli, and imaging systems. Commercially, we will adapt the system for compatibility with all major microscope OEMs, ensuring comprehensive market coverage. Technical improvements will include optimizing gas volume within the holder and enhancing gas flow resistance to better protect the microscopes. The proposed advancements will empower scientists to explore critical structure-property relationships in materials and interfacial chemistry. Furthermore, this tool will enable a deeper understanding of the interplay between controlled mixing, pressure modulation, and temperature variation, driving innovations in chemical processes and clean energy production.