Nanocapusle Coatings Utilizing Biomolecules to Detect and Nano MgO-Cl2 adduct to Neutralize the Biological Agents

The ease with which small countries and terrorist groups can now obtain biological warfare agents has escalated the need to provide the war fighter and civilians alike with miniature, easy to use, disposable instruments for detection and identification ofpotentially hazardous biological agents. Traditional methods for detection and identification of microorganisms, viruses and or their products lack the speed and sensitivity to be of field usage since they are not real time or even typically completed in asingle day. Molecular recognition systems that can be used for rapid identification and neutralization can improve response time and thus avert or reduce the number of casualties associated with a potential bioterrorism or biowarfare event. Initially,nanocapsules will be developed by using nanosize MgO-Cl2 adducts as a biobactericide. It is well known that the nanoparticles size of metal oxide is similar in range to many common biomolecules, which make them to appear to be natural companion in hybridsystems. By controlling structure precisely at nanoscale dimensions, one can control and tailor properties of nanostructures. In addition, one can make modifications to nanostructures to better suit their integration with biological systems; for example,modifying their surface layer for enhanced aqueous solubility, biocompatibility, biorecognition, biomarker, biotagging. Considering these factors, we are proposing a method by which an early detection of biological agents and their neutralization may bepossible by using liposome encapsulated nanosize MgO-Cl2 adduct in this STTR project for Phase I. Phase I will aim with the several tasks e.g. fabrication of nanocrystalline MgO, formation of nanocrystalline MgO-Cl2 adduct, encapsulation of MgO-Cl2 adductby liposome associated with antibody, detection of E-Coli by antibody attached to liposome and neutralization by nanocrystalline MgO-Cl2 adduct. In Phase II, smart coating will be design and developed using the nanocapsules of nanocrystalline MgO-Cl2adduct. Applications include, but are not limited to, biosensors, detector of biological agents, neutralization of biological warfare agents for defense and law enforcement. These nanocapsules and coatings will be the lifesaver of millions of people atthe time of biological weapons use by terrorists. Furthermore, these nanocapsule without (chlorinated) material has tremendous commercial potential as a drug delivery agent in biomedicine. NanoMgO has various other applications in non-biological industriese.g. energy, battery and electronic industries. Additionally, the applicability of this material can further extended to refractory in metallurgical and material industries. Other commercial areas are catalysis, superconductors, and high temperaturestructural components.