Novel ALD-Coated Nanoparticle Anodes for Enhanced Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries

Novel Li ion batteries with higher energy and power densities, as well as improved stability, are required for use in hybrid/electric vehicles,HEVs, and plug in HEVs, as replacements for the heavier, larger nickel metal hydride batteries. However, Li ion batteries suffer from several problems including performance degradation and safety issues. Promising nanomaterial anodes are being developed to address some of these issues, but some stability problems remain. In order to stabilize these high surface anodes, this project will develop improved Li-ion anodes, consisting of the MoO3 nanomaterials coated with ultra-thin atomic layer deposition films. Phase I will examine the use of passivating TiO2 and Ta2O5 ALD layers on MoO3 nanoparticles and on MoO3 electrodes, as well as on commercial anode materials. Phase II will involve an optimization of these coatings, along with the scale-up of the most promising materials.Commercial Applications and other Benefits as described by the awardee: These nanomaterial anodes should enable the use of Li ion batteries in demanding HEV applications, thereby improving the nation¿s energy security as well as its air quality. Li ion batteries with improved lifetime, stability, and power densities also would benefit other high performance