Oxide Dispersed Nanofluids for Next Generation Heat Transfer Fluids

Nanoparticle-dispersed engine coolants would have excellent heat transfer properties due in part to the much higher thermal conductivity of solids relative to liquids. Micron size particles cannot be used for this application because of problems associated with reduced solid-liquid interfacial area, wear and erosion, and sedimentation. Research at the Argonne National Laboratory has demonstrated that the heat transfer coefficient of a liquid can be increased by adding a small volume percent of nanoparticles. This innovation will be combined with a patented chemical vapor condensation process to produce oxide nanoparticles with minimal aggregation, leading to the development of commercial nanofluids for engine cooling applications. Phase I will produce oxide nanopowders with different surface areas, form stable suspensions, and determine particle size (and concentration) effects on the heat transfer properties of nanofluids. The performance enhancement will be quantified for commercial applications.