Reliable Multilayer Insulation Using Ultra-Low Density Aerogel-Based Spacers

An innovative composite spacer for multilayer insulations is proposed that employs a newly developed ultra-low density aerogels. The design uses the extremely low solid conductivity and reduced gas conduction of aerogels sandwiched in a durable carrier to minimize each mode of heat transfer and maximize applicability. The proposed multilayer insulation will be relatively insensitive to the external conditions such as compressive stress and level of vacuum. This will result in predictable thermal insulation performances for both the ground or low-gravity environments. The objective of Phase I is to demonstrate the feasibility of the design concept by producing the ultra-low density aerogel in the proposed configuration, and measuring the apparent thermal conductivity of prototype multilayer insulations. The material stability issues, including outgassing and sensitivity to moisture, will also be investigated. In Phase II, a detailed insulation system design will be developed through thermal analysis, optimization of material properties, and integration of system elements. The final product of the proposed development program will be multilayer insulation system that is reliable, highly efficient, and easy-to-install and maintain for the NASA's ground and flight cryogenic applications.