Low-cost conductimetric biosensor for detection of multiple bioterrorism agents

Combating bioterrorism effectively will require diagnostic devices that can detect potential bioterrorism agents quickly with a high level of specificity and simplicity in any sample matrix. The longterm goal is to develop a novel multi-array immunosensor to be used as an immediate response device in veterinary hospitals and diagnostic labs for detection of bacteria, viruses, and toxins. In Phase I, a proof-of-concept rapid diagnostic device will be developed in collaboration with USDA and North Dakota State University to detect Mycobacterium paratuberculosis (MAP) in milk and fecal samples. The device will be easy to use, sensitive, specific, and affordable. The proposed sensor technology, invented at Michigan State University, uses a molecular wire-based conductimetric detection technique to produce qualitative results in 6 minutes with a sensitivity of 79 cells/ml for bacteria. To demonstrate the feasibility of the technology for bioterrorism preparedness, three specific aims are proposed: fabrication of a single-sample biosensor for MAP detection in liquid culture biosensor testing for MAP in spiked and well characterized fecal samples and biosensor testing for MAP in spiked (raw and pasteurized) milk and market milk samples. Monoclonal antibodies specific to MAP developed by Dr. John Bannantine at USDA will be used. The Phase II program will involve sensor improvements to lower biosensor sensitivity, extensive testing of the single-sample beta-prototype sensor by USDA-approved diagnostic labs, and development of the field-ready multi-array prototype diagnostic device. The technology is also easily adaptable for human diagnostics using appropriate antibodies and sample processing protocols.