Angle-of-Arrival SAR for Detection of Buried Objects

A novel signal processing technique is proposed for the detection of buried objects using special configuration of a low frequency synthetic aperture radar. The radar data collection multiple apertures in the vertical or cross-track dimension. The angle-of-arrival signal processing, applied following the image formation, is based on the wide band Estimation of Signal Parameters Using Rotational Invarient Techniques (ESPRIT) algorithm. Under the Phase I proposal, a existing simulation package will be modified to evaluate the buried target detection problem for a variety of radar parameters and target environments. Additionally, under Phase I an existing set of data collected by the ERFM rail SAR in accordance with the angle-of-arrival SAR specifications will be analyzed. These data will include a variety of buried targets such as pipes, drums, wire mesh, comer reflectors. The radar will sweep a band from 100 MUz to 1100 MHZ providing imagery with with 1 foot range and cross-range resolution. The objectives of Phase I are proof of concept with real data and sensitivity analysis to ascertain the optimal radar configurations and the limitations of the technique. Under Phase 11 a more extensive rail SAR testing is anticipated with a proof of concept airborne test using the FOPEN SAR currently being developed for Wright Laboratories. Anticipated Benefits/Potential Applications - The novel signal processing technique proposed in this submission will provide a needed capability to for target detection of buried mines as well as other threats. It also has potential benefits in mapping to correct for tree canopy heights and in remote sensing to measure the thickness of multi-year sea ice.