Green Polybenzoxazine/Natural Fiber Composites for Transportation

A paradigm shift in composites design and manufacturing is needed to meet decarbonization and energy efficiency goals in the transportation sector. Green composite materials, that are both lightweight and possess a low carbon footprint, are being sought for use in future electric vehicles. This proposal will develop novel green polymer-matrix composites comprised of bio-based benzoxazine resin and natural fiber reinforcement. The composites will be designed for high specific strength, high specific modulus, and durability. Bio-based benzoxazine resins can be prepared from nature-sourced reactants under environmentally friendly conditions. The Phase I project will focus on accomplishing the following tasks: 1) design, synthesis, and characterization of the bio-based benzoxazine resin; 2) composite processing to establish molding parameters; 3) fabrication of composites for characterization and mechanical property testing; 4) physical and mechanical testing of composites; 5) assessment of carbon footprint, manufacturing energy requirements, and physical properties relative to conventional materials. Commercial Applications and Other Benefits: Novel green polymer-matrix composites will be developed for properties targeting transportation applications, particularly electric vehicles. Benzoxazine resins have been shown to produce polymers that possess superior thermal and mechanical properties. Key benefits include low cost, ease of processing, and excellent performance. The combination of benzoxazine resin and natural fiber is particularly advantageous because benzoxazine polymer is very hydrophobic and acts as a barrier to water absorption. Water absorption detrimentally results in increased part weight and reduction of mechanical properties.