Miniature High Resolution Planetary X-ray Diffraction Instrument

This research targets the development of a next-generation crystallographic instrument for definitive mineralogical analysis. CheMinX is an in-situ X-Ray Diffraction and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRD/XRF) instrument suitable for a range of planetary surface explorations including Discovery-class missions and MER class rovers. This instrument will provide quantitative mineralogy and elemental chemistry from rocks and soil samples on Mars, the Moon, Venus, or other rocky or icy bodies, including Small Bodies like asteroids, comets, and smaller moons. This SBIR addresses critical improvements in technology compared to the CheMin XRD instrument on MSL, to enable a smaller more capable planetary instrument. The four major improvements of CheMinX over CheMin are: improved XRD resolution, improved XRF performance, reduced volume, and broader field of application including Small Bodies. Two versions will be developed, a dual-CCD design and a 3D focusing design. This SBIR Phase targets the development of these CheMinX versions to TRL 4/5.This work inherits from 20+ years of development of advanced XRD systems for planetary and commercial applications by the PI and his collaborators.