Horizon Drive

The goal of this effort is to demonstrate feasibility of a novel propellentless propulsion concept based on the theory of quantized inertia, called the Horizon Drive.    Efficient propulsion without propellant has long been a goal for scientists and engineers grappling with the rocket equation. Attempting to achieve high delta-V capability demands rocket engine exhaust velocities (i.e. specific impulse) that have yet to be achieved while maintaining reasonable thrust levels. Over the last decade, Prof Mike McCulloch (Co-I) has developed a new theory with important implications to propellentless propulsion which describes inertia based on Casimir-like interactions with the surrounding vacuum. This theory calculates inertia based on an imbalance between Unruh radiation from the Cosmic and Rindler Horizon, leading to the possibility of designing an asymmetric optical cavity that produce a net force when electromagnetic energy is applied. Such a device offers high thrust efficiency (>100mN/kW) while not requiring stored fuel, allowing for incredible enhancements to satellite maneuverability and lifetime. Propulsion without propellant has been demonstrated in space by solar sails and laser propelled micro-sails and are being pursued as a method to send ~gram sized payloads to interstellar distances. Unfortunately, propulsion based on momentum exchange with photons is fundamentally limited to a thrust efficiency of ~mN/MW, and these methods are not well suited to Commercial and Defense applications with scientific/sensor payloads. Building on Prof McCulloch’s DARPA Phase I/II Program that investigated the scientific and theoretical underpinnings of Quantized Inertia – a propulsion system based on this revolutionary physics would outperform current state-of-the-art by factor of 1,000 and enable completely new missions and maneuvering capabilities. The Phase I STTR work will study the feasibility and utility of a Horizon Drive powered 3U Cubesat, and determine the most suitable DoD customer, with the goal of building a protype in Phase II, followed by an in-orbit demonstration of the engine.