Automated DNA Extraction in Space

The proposed technology addresses NASA’s need for in situ sample prep and analysis in a microgravity environment and offers a new approach for processing biosamples in space. The WRKR-B is an automated nucleic acid extraction device based on proprietary engineering and biochemistry innovations that combines library prep for next-generation sequencing of microbes and animal cells into a seamless protocol. Automated DNA extraction and library prep technology in orbit will enable efficient, higher throughput biosample processing and address NASA’s needs for rapid, iterative science in space while also providing fundamental research tools needed to stimulate the LEO bio-economy. As such, this proposal aims to adapt the automated system for space-based applications aboard the ISS and commercial space stations. WRKR-B will enable routine analysis of the spacecraft environment via on-demand DNA extraction and sequencing of samples collected from the spacecraft and plant surfaces, water systems, as well as astronauts. This technology will streamline workflows, reduce crew effort, and support real-time on-demand analyses critical for microgravity research in LEO and missions to the Moon and Mars. Phase I funds will be used to elevate the TRL, design iteration, testing, and integration guided by NASA SME to ensure compatibility with the unique space environment. The global terrestrial market for automated DNA extraction systems is growing rapidly and includes many applications: (1) increasing demand for molecular diagnostics, particularly for infectious diseases and cancer; (2) expansion of personalized medicine and precision therapies; (3) increasing adoption of decentralized testing solutions; (4) growth in genomics research fueled by declining sequencing costs; and (5) strong market interest in agricultural biotechnology, food safety, and environmental monitoring. Routine end-point omics analysis in space is poised to not only stimulate but disrupt the space economy.