Demonstration of Emitter Geolocalization using Direct- and Indirect-Path Signals

The dependence on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers, such as GPS, has made it imperative to detect, identify, geolocate, and neutralize GNSS jammers as a vital component of navigation warfare (NAVWAR). The Phase I program objective was to evaluate the feasibility of multipath-aided emitter geolocalization of jammers, and to develop a multi-sensor fusion framework. The performance of that framework was evaluated for single- and multiple-receiver scenarios with one or more reflective surfaces. Our approach does not require the existence of a direct-path measurement, or the availability of an a priori 3-D map of the local environment. However, if a 3 D map is available, the solution can be constrained to be consistent with the map. It was determined that a 100 m circular error probable (CEP) is achievable with a single receiver and 20 m CEP emitter geolocalization and better is possible with at least two receivers. However, the performance depends greatly on the specific geometry, the number of receivers, the number of reflectors, and signal polarization. During this proposed effort, Toyon will improve the Phase I multi-sensor fusion and multipath-aided emitter geolocalization algorithms and demonstrate their performance in a realistic multipath environment using a software-defined transceiver and a