Long-CPI SAR/GMTI for Enhanced Low-RCS Target Detection/Localization/Tracking

ABSTRACT: This SBIR research program aims at addressing the low radar cross-section (RCS) ground target detection and tracking problem under size, weight, and power (SWAP) restrictions. We propose to develop an innovative multi-channel long coherent processing interval (CPI) approach. Its multi-mode operations include synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging, ground moving target indication (GMTI), and high range resolution (HRR) profile acquisition.It can significantly enhance the low-RCS target detection/localization/tracking performance, can detect targets moving slowly in arbitrary directions, and can uniquely determine the target locations, velocities and headings.Moreover, we propose to extend the long-CPI SAR/GMTI technique to a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) radar system. The proposed MIMO radar can be used to double the virtual array aperture. Hence, it can significantly enhance the slow moving target detection/localization/tracking performance, while retaining the small SWAP advantage.The merits of the proposed solution will be verified by further developing a small and light weight Ka-band hardware radar system, together with real-world data collection and demonstration using the hardware system.; BENEFIT: A successful Phase I effort will result in innovative long-CPI SAR/GMTI algorithms, and will significantly enhance the detection, localization and tracking performance of low-RCS and/or low-speed targets, under the SWAP restrictions. It can also advance the state-of-the-art of the moving target detection and imaging technologies. It will be incorporated into a small and light weight Ka-band hardware radar system for data collection and demonstration. Our algorithms and hardware system can also be adapted for civilian applications in areas such as: wide-area search and rescue operations; maritime counter-drug operations; coastal and harbor surveillance; and damage area survey after a natural disaster such as an earthquake. Our small SWAP long-CPI SAR/GMTI technology will be competitive in both the military or commercial marketplace, due to their improved performance and efficiency.