Cost-Effective Manufacturing of High-Energy Lithium-Ion Batteries Utilizing Next Generation, Graphene-Protected Silicon Anodes and Non-Flammable Elect

This proposal seeks to develop a high-energy lithium-ion battery with enhanced safety enabled by a cost-effective graphene-protected nano-Si anode and a non-flammable electrolyte. Graphene possesses ultra-high mechanical strength and high electrical conductivity, thereby limiting the anode expansion during charging and also improving the utilization of the semi-conductive silicon material. To address the key issue inhibiting commercialization, the extremely high cost of nano-Si, Nanotek has proceeded to develop a highly scalable process to produce Si nanowires directly from low-cost, micron-scaled Si particles (currently $3-$7/kg). This surprisingly simple and effective technology is expected to enable the availability of Si nanowires at a cost less than $15/kg, which is close to the commercial graphite material ($10-$20/kg) but with much higher specific capacity (over 2,000 mAh/g). Nanoteks non-flammable electrolyte technology including solvent-in-salt design and ionic liquids will be evaluated to guarantee the safety of the batteries equipped on aircrafts or electric vehicles. Several goals are expected by the completion of Phase I: (a) demonstration of a low cost ( 500 cycles and passing preliminary safety specifications.