Inexpensive, Small, Biocompatible, Multi-Analyte, Voltammetric Blood Sensors Based on Functionalized Microporous Membranes, with, Impervious

Traumatic hemorrhage is associated with the development of trauma induced coagulopathy, as well as a number of responses including an inflammatory response, endothelial dysfunction, and others.These pathophysiologic reactions develop and progress rapidly, and result in increased mortality and morbidity.In order to provide effective treatment under these rapid and dynamic conditions, it is imperative to develop novel biosensor technology capable of measuring multiple analytes continuously in the blood of the patients - in real-time.In the current state-of-the-art, continuous, real-time molecular measurement is only possible for a handful of targets (e.g., glucose, lactose, oxygen), and these existing platforms for continuous measurement are not generalizable for the monitoring of other analytes [1,2].To address this critical unmet need, the main goal of this project will be to develop a universal real-time biosensor capable of continuously tracking a wide range of circulating biomarkers and drugs in living subjects.The successful implementation of such a biosensor must fulfill the following requirements: First, the sensor must operate continuously, without requirement for sample preparation or processing. Second, it must achieve sufficient sensitivity, selectivity and dynamic range, and demonstrate the ability to resolve temporal changes in analyte concentrations at physiological time-scales (i.e. minutes). Finally, it must be resistant to fouling even after prolonged exposure to complex sample mixtures such as whole blood, and remain stable while operating in this environment for extended periods of time.