Mapping electrogram morphology recurrence for atrial fibrillation ablation

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Atrial fibrillation AF is the most common diagnosed arrhythmia with the number Americans diagnosed with AF estimated at million and continuing to increase as the population ages Electrical activity during AF is characterized by complex activation patterns that are difficult to map However there is growing evidence that AF is driven by stable sources in the atria such as rotors or focal activity The most widely used ablation and surgical interventions to treat patients with AF use generalized empiric strategies that target that do not consider the specific mechanisms of the arrhythmia To date there are no established methods utilizing AF electrograms that effectively locate AF sources in the atria We have recently developed an electrogram morphology recurrence analysis that has been able to identify areas of the atria that have high rates of electrogram morphology recurrence Our preliminary study has shown that in patients who underwent ablation targeting the pulmonary veins when the electrograms with highest recurrence rates were located in the left versus right atrium ablation success rates were higher In contrast having these fast recurring electrograms in the right atrium indicated a very poor ablation success rate Additionally high resolution electrical mapping performed in a canine model of AF showed that morphology recurrence mapping could identify areas of rotor activity These preliminary data suggest that a mapping and ablation strategy based on morphology recurrence analysis could be used in the treatment of AF Phase I of this study involves the development of a prototype mapping software that can generate electrogram morphology recurrence maps in a real time clinical setting and the evaluation of this system on ablation in ten patients who have previously failed conventional AF ablation The mapping software will collect digital recordings from a basket catheter positioned in the right atrium and then the left atrium The maps will provide easy identification of the site with high morphology recurrence which can be related back to the anatomy with electroanatomic mapping If sites of high morphology recurrence rates represent areas at or near rotors or focal sources then we expect either acute termination of the AF or significant slowing of the AF activation rate A successful Phase I study showing that ablation via recurrence mapping produces AF termination or slowing in the majority of the ten patients would support the need for a larger study with longer term follow up Commercialization possibilities for this mapping approach include the production of a stand alone system or integration into an existing mapping system PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE Atrial fibrillation AF is rapidly emerging health issue in the United States particularly among the elderly Currently used ablation and surgical approaches to treat AF utilize empirically determined strategies targeting the pulmonary veins This project investigates a novel electrogram mapping technique that may provide patient specific information regarding AF sources in the atria