Selective Stabilization of Aluminum Nanoparticles for Combustion Enhancement of Liquid Fuels

ABSTRACT: This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project proposes to enhance the combustion energy of liquid propellants via addition of stabilized aluminum nanoparticles. Aluminum oxidizes readily to create aluminum oxide and releases 30% more heat per unit volume than kerosene. Thus, small additions of aluminum nanoparticles to kerosene can significantly increase the fuel"s combustion enthalpy, reducing fuel consumption and its associated cost. However, the two major drawbacks of using aluminum nanoparticles in liquid fuel are: (i) oxidation (with dissolved oxygen/additives) during storage will result in a thick shell of oxide that would inhibit nanoparticle participation in combustion. (ii) agglomeration of settled nanoparticles to form large particles will not only result in reduced benefits towards combustion properties, but also create problems during fuel transportation. Hence, passivation (from oxidation) and stabilization (to prevent agglomeration) of the aluminum nanoparticles is essential to maximize the benefits of aluminum nanoparticle additions. Advanced Cooling Technologies, Inc. (ACT) proposes a novel method to passivate and stabilize aluminum nanoparticles using a coating. The proposed effort will leverage upon ACT"s work performed on passivation of Aluminum nanoparticles, to meet the targets set by Air Force. BENEFIT: ACT has developed several nanofluids for the thermal energy market. The proposed effort will expand upon the network already established by ACT. ACT will closely collaborate with fuel suppliers and engine manufacturers to commercialize the technology developed under this program.