A Cryo-Vacuum Compatible Positioning System

Space-based systems have become indispensable elements of global communication, scientific research and military reconnaissance. The expenses associated with launching spacecraft are enormous and, once in orbit, any component failure may have catastrophic consequences. Extensive earth-based testing is essential to ensure a high success rate. To approximate the demanding conditions of space deployment, the Air Force maintains large test chambers capable of creating low temperature, high vacuum environments. However, commercial testing apparatus must be specially modified for the harsh cryo-vacuum environment and mechanical failures within these chambers are not uncommon. A program of applied research is proposed to develop a robust, high-precision positioning system that is fully compatible with space chamber environments. Commercial motion technologies that are inherently more compatible with high vacuum and very low temperatures are investigated. Design modification and novel materials with the potential of further improving the performance of these technologies are evaluated. Finally, ways that these individual design elements can be integrated to create a versatile, multi-axis position system are presented.