Detection of Infectious Bacteria in Water

In this Phase II proposal, Nomadics in a collaborative effort with the Keck Graduate Institute proposes to develop assays and devices based on amplifying fluorescent polymer (AFP) technology for the rapid identification of biological warfare agents inwater. The rapid, sensitive detection and identification of biological agents in water will have a dramatic impact on the adoption of intervention strategies. Our primary focus will be on the development of AFP/lectin-based assays due to the large numberof com-mercially available and relatively inexpensive lectins. Such assays offer decided advantages over nucleic acid based techniques in that whole cell detection greatly simplifies the sample preparation requirements. For example, nucleic acid-basedtechniques usually require isolation and purification steps, increasing the complexity of the scheme. In addition, depending on the configuration, either the identification of spe-cific target pathogens or broad classes of microorganism is possible.Initially, assays will be developed for use in commercial high-throughput screening equipment. Later, we will develop a rugged, portable platform utilizing disposable cartridges for use in the field by first responders and military personnel. Both ofthese systems will yield considerable savings in terms of sampling requirements, automation, consumables, cost, and time. The proposed technology will benefit deployed warfighters by protecting them against biological attacks. Further, the same type ofprotection will be provided to civilians in support of homeland security. Because this dual-use technology is platform-based, it will also find use in biomedical reseach, medical diagnostics, drug development, and other applications. The technologyshould afford more rapid, more sensitive, simpler, and less complex identification of organisms and biological constituents. Thus, it will also find application in remote areas, economically disadvantaged regions, and for use by individuals with minimaltraining.