Force-Neutral Adjustable Phase Undulator

Synchrotron radiation, free-electron laser x-ray sources, and the U.S. industrial radiation space need compact and cost-ef9icient undulators to improve and expand radiation delivery to scienti9ic and industrial users. The current state-of-the-art solutions are bulky, require complex kinematic systems and controls, and are costly to engineer and manufacture. Furthermore, U.S.-based industrial suppliers for undulators and related devices are scarce, leading to lengthy delays and higher costs. In response to this problem, RadiaBeam Technologies has engaged in a technology transfer opportunity to advance undulator manufacturing from Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), who developed a next generation force-neutral adjustable phase undulator. This technology allows for high precision undulators to be more compact, cost-effective to fabricate and assemble, and straightforward to operate. The innovation is based on the inclusion of a secondary array of magnets, strategically placed and arranged to compensate the internal forces of the main magnet array. RadiaBeam designed a 1-meter-long undulator prototype for 13.5 nanometer photon generation, aimed at EUV lithography. The effort included detailed magnetic design, engineering, and assembly strategy. RadiaBeam engineers extended the design into a novel modular one, allowing for multiple identical sections to be joined together to form any length undulator array without break sections. Additionally, a novel solution to 9irst and second magnetic 9ield integral optimization was proposed. In Phase II, we will further optimize and validate the design of Phase I in collaboration with RadiaSoft and ANL. We will fabricate and assemble 1-meter prototypes and demonstrate a joining procedure. Lastly, we will deliver the prototype to ANL’s magnetic devices group for tuning and characterization. The ancillary work includes development of user-friendly controls and upgrading the magnetic measurement lab. This project will provide an affordable, viable product that will serve radiation sources, while bene9iting commercial sectors such as photolithography and medical imaging. The 9lexible, compact design allows for novel undulator applications over an extensive x-ray energy range at lower cost.