High Energy Density Next-Generation Batteries for Lunar/Mars Surface Missions

Imperia Batteries, a division of Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI), will develop and demonstrate a high energy density (>300Wh/kg) rechargeable lithium-ion battery capable of operating across the wide temperature range (-230 °C to 120 °C) necessary to support lunar/Mars surface missions. Imperia will leverage directly applied ceramic separator technologies, a custom low volatility electrolyte as well as a MOF-based composite separator to achieve the wide temperature range and a high capacity silicon anode material to achieve the target energy density. Additionally, Imperia will partner with UCI to perform in situ X-ray computed tomography imaging in order to characterize physical changes within the cells at extreme temperatures. During Phase I, Imperia will design cells and energy modules for the targeted NASA application, perform high fidelity thermal modelling to assess the ability of the cell design to accomplish program goals, as well as construct cells incorporating the target technologies to demonstrate their energy density and cycle-life at extreme temperatures. In the Phase II, Imperia will prototype the energy module and expand validation activities to ensure form, fit, and function. Successful completion of these efforts will demonstrate the readiness of the technology for further scale-up and demonstrations.