Smart CORC® cable terminations with integrated quench detection

Advanced magnet systems for fusion would greatly benefit from the use of high-temperature superconductors. Quench detection in high-temperature superconducting magnets is challenging due to the low quench propagation speed in these materials. Advanced quench detection methods need to be developed to allow safe operation of fusion magnets. This proposal seeks to develop smart terminations with integrated Hall probe arrays for quench detection within Conductor on Round Core (CORC®) cables and cable-in-conduit-conductors for fusion magnets. The Hall probe arrays would allow detection of current redistribution caused by the development of a local hot spot that may result in a quench. Magnet protection electronics using terminals with integrated quench detection will be developed into an industrial product in collaboration with four large entities developing HTS fusion machines. During the Phase II program, we’ve successfully demonstrated the application of Hall probe arrays integrated within, or near the terminations of high-temperature superconducting cables and cable-in-conduits to detect the onset of a quench. During the Phase IIB program, we propose to commercialize smart conductor terminations and, together with several private companies and public entities, test the technology at fusion magnet-relevant operating conditions, including operating temperature of 20-30 K, current-densities of 100-400 A/mm2, and current ramp-rates of 100-10,000 A/s. By teaming up with our end users, the program will likely result in a high level of confidence in our technology, a reduced risk to the design of the fusion machines, and a high likelihood of a significant commercial market for smart cable terminations with integrated quench detection and associated technology. High-temperature superconducting magnet terminations with integrated Hall probe arrays will allow reliable quench detection in high-current conductors and enable safe operation of the next generation of fusion magnets, accelerator magnets for high-energy physics experiments and proton cancer treatment facilities, and scientific magnets. HTS cables with smart terminations will also benefit superconducting magnetic energy storage systems for use in the power grid and within the Department of Defense.