Planetary In-Situ X-Ray Imager for Core Samples

We propose to develop an in-situ high-resolution X-ray computer tomography (microCT) instrument to analyze rock core samples on the surface of a planet or planetesimal. The instrument will also double as an X-ray spectrometer to map the chemical composition of the surface of the rock core when its surface is not shielded by an opaque container. The instrument will rely on a coring drill to collect and deliver the core sample. Small rock samples can also be analyzed. Several planetary deployment scenarios are envisioned: microCT/XRF analysis of rock cores in future robotic exploration mission, microCT/XRF analysis of rock and soil samples sealed in low Z containers for future sample cashing missions, radiographic analysis of Mars2020 canisters in future fetch rover. The feasibility has been demonstrated during Phase 1 using a miniature breadboard instrument and computer simulations. Quality 3D reconstruction of core samples were obtained and compared well with data from a commercial benchtop instrument. Space deployment of the concept require the development of a 50kV microfocused X-ray source. The Phase II research will focus on further developing the instrument and demonstrating a 50kV X-ray tube with a flight compatible bipolar architecture.