Event-Driven High Angular Rate Star Tracker

CubeSats have emerged as vital tools for remote sensing, particularly for Earth's atmosphere and surface, yet their compact size poses a challenge for sensors which incorporate rapidly spinning antennas. We propose the development of a CubeSat-ready star tracker capable of providing accurate attitude information to rapidly spinning CubeSats hosting Earth-observing instruments. Current star trackers offer high pointing accuracy under stable conditions but struggle with rapidly spinning platforms. Our solution addresses this critical gap by developing a compact, low-power star tracker that maintains precision even at high spin rates, enabling CubeSats to acquire accurate Earth observation data. The proposed star tracker aims to achieve a pointing accuracy of 0.05° or better across roll, pitch, and yaw axes while the CubeSat spins at up to 20 revolutions per minute (rpm) in low Earth orbit. This capability is essential for off-nadir observations necessary for retrieving ocean surface winds and other atmospheric parameters. We will ensure the SmallSat readiness of the tracker, targeting SWaP (Size, Weight, and Power) characteristics comparable to existing CubeSat payloads. Phase I focuses on demonstrating technical feasibility, outlining a clear path for Phase II integration and testing. Phase II will involve developing a laboratory-tested to space-qualified hardware prototype of the star tracker, reaching TRL 5 to 6. This project aligns with NASA's goals of advancing CubeSat technology for Earth observation, with potential applications in oceanography, meteorology, and environmental monitoring. By enhancing CubeSat attitude control capabilities, this project contributes to the broader objective of improving space-based remote sensing and scientific research.