Laser Communications Based Navigation and Attitude Determination

In Phase I, Microcosm and John Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL), with Aster Labs, and HRP Systems, will develop and validate algorithms and performance simulations for using range and orientation data from onboard laser communications terminals for spacecraft navigation and attitude determination (LNAV). The principal use case to be explored is lasercom-only LNAV for an interconnected constellation like the TSAT -five communication spacecraft that are evenly spaced around GEO with at least one having a high quality external navigation reference. The simulations will be developed to support rapid evaluation of LNAV performance for a variety of scenarios, with a spectrum of range and angular resolutions. This will support design trades relating LNAV performance and lasercom metrology capabilities. The angular metrology problem will be analyzed in detail, including development of a detailed error budget and investigating hardware options for improving metrology performance. In Phase II, a proof-of-concept demonstration will be developed, in collaboration with a TSAT lasercom competitor/vendor, consistent with Phase II funding levels. The Northrop Grumman Space Technology (NGST) TSAT Lasercom team will be involved to ensure a comprehensive understanding of lasercom operations and performance, and to provide for transition of the technology into operational use if selected Phase II.