Conventional Training Versus Game-Based Training

Game-based training (GBT) has been touted as a promising medium for achieving improved training outcomes and heightened learner motivation, particularly in military training environments. However, there is little empirical research upon which to make informed decisions about when, where, or even if applying particular game elements to training is effective. The primary objective of the Phase II effort is to create a tool that will provide instructional designers with empirically-supported guidelines that specify when and how game elements can be effectively integrated into a specific training curriculum. The tool, TARGET (Tool for Applying Robust Gaming Elements to Training), will be used to create two functional games designed to accelerate skill acquisition in two important competency areas (avionics system management and crew coordination) in a University ab initio flight training program. The competencies targeted for training have ready applicability to a number of Navy tasks as well. Formal empirical evaluation of the effectiveness of applying specific gaming elements to achieve specific training objectives will then be conducted and results will be used to further populate the tool and to develop serious game design patterns that can be applied in a number of job domains.