High Energy Density Hydrocarbon Nanocluster Propellants

The performance of rockets and missiles is almost always limited by the energy density of the propellant, and the development of new types of higher energy density components remains an important research challenge. The energy density of hydrocarbon propellant components is normally increased by increasing the strain in the fuel molecules. With an energy density about 1.4 times that of conventional high-energy hydrocarbon fuels, cubane is generally considered the gold standard of strained hydrocarbons and the ultimate fuel component. Unfortunately, it has not been possible to scale-up cubane production, and only limited quantities are available. In this proposal, we will synthesize a new type of strained hydrocarbon nanocluster propellant that has a theoretical volume energy density surpassing even cubane, and unlike cubane, these can be produced in bulk quantities. Since volumetric energy density is a very important factor for producing compact designs minimizing drag, these new compounds could lead to propellant compositions with improved performance. In Phase I TDA Research, Inc. will synthesize gram quantities of these hydrocarbon nanoclusters so that their energy content and stability can be evaluated. We will also analyze how these new compounds could be incorporated into solid propellant formulations to produce enhanced performance.