Demonstration of Thermal Improvements Using Nanofluids for Industrial Exchangers

In electrical utilities and many process industries, improved heat transfer by heat exchangers offers great potential for improving process energy efficiency. To improve the heat transfer within the heat exchangers, one of two scenarios must be considered. The first is to modify the heat exchanger itself. For single-phase heat exchangers, these modifications can include either novel materials or new flow configurations such as microchannels or extended surfaces. However, modifying the heat exchanger results in substantial costs associated with retrofitting, installation, and capital purchases. The second scenario is to modify the heat transfer fluid used within the heat exchanger. If the modified heat transfer fluid is structured as a drop-in replacement, costs to retrofit the heat loop are minimal. Recent research has demonstrated vast improvements in the thermal conductivity of heat transfer fluids by adding nanoparticles. This project will demonstrate how the addition of nanoparticles can enhance the performance of a single-phase heat exchanger typical of industrial-based thermal management systems. In Phase I, a prototype nanofluid will be developed and compared to the base fluid, using life testing in realistic industrial-based heat exchangers. Commercial Applications and other Benefits as described by the awardee: The use of nanofluids as a replacement heat transfer fluid should provide up to a 70% increase in the heat transfer coefficient, generating a significant demand for the new product within industrial heat exchangers.