Transpiration-Cooled Turbine Components for High Temperature IGCC Turbines

Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) gas turbines are rapidly becoming the choice for current and future power systems because they offer efficient fuel conversion and generate electricity at reduced cost. Practical application of efficient and cost-effective IGCC turbines requires the development of gas turbines with higher firing temperatures and pressure ratios. This project will develop a transpiration-cooled, high-temperature turbine engine component, such as a static vane, in which the vane core will be formed by structural open-cell foam. In addition to providing structural stiffness and strength, the foam will define the interior vane cooling path and function as a template for the application of an outer skin, which will have a fine, uniform porosity to enhance the flow of the transpiration coolant. In Phase I, subscale turbine vanes will be fabricated to verify manufacturability and such key properties as material strength and flow behavior. Commercial Applications and other Benefits as described by the awardee: By increasing the operating temperature and cooling capabilities of turbine components, the potential exists to exceed the current 2600°F benchmark and create more efficient gas turbine engines for economical power generation. The transpiration-cooled turbine vane should find a direct application in the IGCC turbine, to help increase firing temperatures and thermal efficiency