Integrated SAR and LiDAR Change Detection Techniques for Small Object Detection

Efficient detection of small objects from a distance is an important military application. The need for such systems is justified through the IED detection problem alone. This is because IEDs have become a predominant weapon used in asymmetric warfare. For example, it is believed IEDs are responsible for approximately 40% of coalition deaths in Iraq. IED detection is challenging as they are typically small, easily deployed, and easy to conceal. The IED detection problem is sufficiently difficult that no single, existing remote sensor can effectively detect IEDs. This is because no single sensor has the characteristics needed to overcome all aspects of the IED detection problem. That is, no one sensor: has a high search rate; can detect buried objects; has sufficient resolution. However, while no single sensor currently displays all these properties, there are groups of sensors that do. This research proposal describes the methodology we will employ to design and evaluate an IED detection test bed. The input to the test bed will be various types of RF and EO sensors. These signals will be processed and the resulting output will be detection masks overlaid onto the areas surveyed by the sensors. BENEFIT: Completion of this effort provides the DoD new methods for the detection of small objects from standoff. Similar needs exist within other sectors including law enforcement and other government agencies such as US Border Patrol and the Department of Homeland Security.