Axial Magnetic-Field-Enhanced, High-Density Plasma Neutralized Beam Transport for High Energy Density Physics and Inertial Fusion Energy

78676 Fusion energy has the potential of providing significant electrical power in the future, reducing U.S. dependence on dwindling oil supplies. A critical aspect of developing inertial fusion energy, as well as enabling high-energy-density physics studies, is the ability to tightly focus intense, high-energy ion beams. Recent studies have shown that the stringent focusing requirements can be met if active neutralization is used to overcome the formidable space charge of the ion beam. Therefore, this project will develop a high-density, filter cathodic arc plasma (FCAP) source, in conjunction with an axial-magnetic-field neutralization tube, that can be used to provide greater than 99% neutralization and allow for accurate transport and tight focusing of the ion beam. The FCAP source will feed high-density plasma along the entire length of the neutralization tube and an axial-magnetic-field will be used to confine the plasma. In Phase-I, a FCAP source and neutralization tube system will be assembled and laboratory-scale characterization and optimization tests will be performed using electrical and witness-plate probes. Three-dimensional magnetic field computer simulations will be used to augment the experimental data and provide design guidance. Based on the experimental and simulation results, a fully optimized neutralization system will be designed for use in the NDCX-1A test stand at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Commercial Applications and Other Benefits as described by the awardee: The beam neutralization technology should enable the realization of heavy ion fusion and inertial fusion energy, as well as more advanced high energy density physics studies. In addition, the FCAP process should enable the deposition of dense, well-adhering coatings to many types of materials, for example protective coatings for turbine engines, space-based polymers, and gun barrels for the military.